Understanding Heatwaves in India: Risks and Safety Measures
The IMD has issued heatwave alerts across India, warning of severe public health risks associated with extreme temperatures. A heatwave is characterized by prolonged periods of excessive heat, with adverse effects on health, particularly among vulnerable populations. Understanding prevention and safety measures is crucial during these events.
The India Meteorological Department (IMD) has issued heatwave alerts for various regions including Delhi, Karnataka, Goa, and Jharkhand. As temperatures rise, public health risks increase significantly. Heat impacts can be severe, causing numerous fatalities each year, making it essential to be informed about safety measures during extreme heat periods.
A heatwave is defined by the World Meteorological Organization (WMO) as a time of excessive heat accumulation, characterized by unusually high temperatures persisting over several days or even months. Both maximum and minimum temperatures are critical, as hot nights prevent the body from cooling down, intensifying daytime heat effects. UNICEF indicates that climate change is making heatwaves longer, more frequent, and more severe.
Heatwaves are a natural weather phenomenon caused by warm air being trapped in the atmosphere, exacerbated by climate change resulting from greenhouse gas emissions. This leads to heightened temperatures observed across many regions over time.
The impact of heatwaves on health is profound, potentially causing heat exhaustion, heat stroke, and dehydration. Vulnerable groups such as children, the elderly, and pregnant women face higher risks. Additionally, those without air conditioning are particularly exposed to these conditions; dehydration is a serious risk for children, while pregnant women may experience complications including low birth weight and preterm labor. The stress on the heart can also increase the likelihood of heart attacks.
When dealing with heatwaves, consider the following dos:
1. Regularly drink water, even without thirst.
2. Hydrate with fruits like watermelon and drinks such as lemonade or buttermilk.
3. Wear loose, light-colored clothing and use protective gear.
4. Apply a damp cloth to your head and limbs, and protect yourself from direct sunlight.
Conversely, avoid:
1. Outdoor activities between 12 – 3 PM.
2. Physically strenuous tasks during hot temperatures.
3. Dehydrating beverages like tea, coffee, and alcohol.
4. Stale or protein-rich foods.
5. Leaving children or pets unattended in vehicles.
The IMD’s heatwave alerts highlight the growing concern of extreme heat impacts on public health. Understanding what constitutes a heatwave, its causes, and its effects is essential for personal safety. By adhering to precautionary measures, we can mitigate the adverse health impacts associated with high temperatures, thus making informed decisions to protect ourselves and others during these critical times.
Original Source: www.business-standard.com
